Mr. Shapiro is a Fellow and Research Director of the Center on the United States and Europe at The Brookings Institution. Previously, he has served as a Political and Defense Analyst for the RAND Corporation, a Research Associate for MIT Industrial Performance Center, and a Defense Analyst for the Science Applications International Corporation. Mr. Shapiro's publications include his most recent book, which he co-authored: Allies at War: America, Europe and the Crisis over Iraq.